Do boletus grow after frosts?

By November, in the middle zone, the mushroom season is virtually over. However, in the last autumn month, some edible fruits can still be found in forests and plantings. The main thing is to know which of the forest’s gifts can still grow during this period and where to look for it. Such mushrooms are not very afraid of frost and, if there has not yet been a big drop in temperature, they grow actively - you can collect a large number of them.

At what temperature do mushrooms grow?

For the vast majority of varieties, the air temperature with high humidity should be no more than +25˚ C. It is better when the thermometer mark corresponds to +18...+22˚ C, then the mushrooms begin to develop more actively. In November, when the temperature has dropped significantly, it is already extremely difficult to discover the most famous and popular forest varieties among amateurs and experienced mushroom pickers:

Autumn must be warm and rainy for these species to continue to grow. The most active development of the fruiting body occurs at +6...+10˚ C, and in November the temperature is already lower. Few varieties can grow at thermometer readings of about 0˚ C. But there are such mushrooms, and among them there are quite a few edible ones, which have a pleasant taste, aroma and are actively used in cooking. Some of these mushrooms are even classified as delicacies.

Air temperatures above +28…+30˚ C inhibit the development of fungi. In order for them to begin to grow again, the mycelium must be saturated with nutrients, the weather must be rainy, and the thermometer mark must drop significantly.

Tips for a mushroom picker

In October, you can collect an excellent harvest from a wide variety of mushrooms, but when going into the forest, you should take care of safety. If you are not an experienced mushroom picker, you need to know a few simple rules so as not to collect poisonous species. After all, October is their time too. For example, by accident you can pick up dung beetles, and if you consume these mushrooms with alcohol, you can get poisoned. There are also false honey mushrooms - this dangerous, poisonous species is very similar to ordinary honey mushrooms and only an experienced mushroom picker can distinguish them .

Never eat mushrooms raw, even if they are edible. Unprocessed mushrooms, even edible ones, can cause acute poisoning or stomach upset.
Follow the rules of orientation, take a compass and phone.
Do not pick mushrooms that are spoiled or have thickenings on the stalk, hoping that you will cut off all the bad ones at home. Collect only good mushrooms. Therefore, when you cut a mushroom from the stem, break the cap to check if there are worms in it.
Take a first aid kit with you, anything can happen in the forest, so a bandage and iodine should always be at hand.
Collect only familiar mushrooms that you are confident in.
It is advisable to collect the autumn harvest with an experienced mushroom picker. There are poisonous types of mushrooms that an amateur cannot distinguish from edible ones.

Which ones can be collected in November?

When there are no serious frosts in the last days of autumn, and the season has been quite rainy, there will be a lot of mushrooms in forests and forest plantations. The varieties growing at this time, for the most part, are not difficult to find - they are located in visible places - snags, tree trunks, and the grass no longer hides the mushroom caps. In the beginning and middle of the last month of autumn you can find the following species:

Late honey fungus is not very susceptible to low temperatures, so it can be found even after a drop to -5˚ C. It grows on stumps or at the foot of trees. They are mainly collected in coniferous forests or alder thickets.
Black milk mushroom - prefers deciduous forest belts, found under birch trees, in sunny meadows or next to paths.
Chanterelles - at the end of autumn they still bear fruit well; they can be found in mixed, coniferous or birch forests.
Butterworts grow mainly in pine-oak, birch-coniferous forests or spruce forests. They prefer clearings well lit by the sun, often hidden by fallen pine needles.
Common garlic - this variety has high taste characteristics, but is small in size, so they are often used as a mushroom seasoning for dishes. They can be found even in the last days of November in coniferous forests - on stumps or in fallen needles.
Ryadovka - this variety is collected in mixed and coniferous forests; they are found in clearings, along forest paths, roads and near ravines. They are collected even in the last days of autumn.
Polish - prefers coniferous forest belts, grows at the foot of old trees covered with moss. Possible to collect in the last ten days of November.
Champignon is a forest species that is not often collected, as it can be bought in the store. But in November it is still growing - in a coniferous or mixed young forest.
Oyster mushroom - like champignons, they are rarely collected. However, in November they are in the forests and there are many of them. You need to look on stumps or on aspen, oak, poplar, birch, and willow.
Panellus oyster mushroom (Panellus serotina) - the name was assigned due to its similarity with the mushroom of the same name, and until recently it was called “late oyster mushroom”. It grows on fallen trees, stumps of deciduous trees, more often - aspen, elm, birch, linden, poplar, maple. Sometimes found on conifers, but rarely. It is possible to find panellus not only at the end of November, but also in December.
Flammulina velutipes - develops actively, can be found not only in the forest, but also in the city - on deciduous trees (maples, willows, poplars, walnuts). The mushroom is frost and snow resistant. This species can be collected until February.

If you are not sure that a particular specimen is edible, then you should not eat it. Mushroom poisoning is extremely dangerous, so it is better to throw away the suspicious “find.”

It is possible to collect a large number of mushrooms in November - many species are quite frost-resistant and grow even at the beginning of winter. You most likely won’t be able to find boletus, boletus or boletus, but there are many other edible varieties whose taste characteristics and aroma are no worse. Among the November “finds” there may even be delicacies, such as flammulina.

Name:	Butter
Type:	Edible

Butterflies grow almost everywhere in Russia, since the climatic conditions of the northern hemisphere suit them for almost the entire summer-autumn period. To successfully collect, you need to know the places that this species loves and, after waiting for good rain, go out on a quiet hunt.

Conditions for the growth of spring, summer and autumn honey mushrooms in the forest (with video)

We can say that for summer mushrooms the most suitable air temperature is +23°C, and for autumn and spring mushrooms - +12°C. However, these are not all weather conditions that allow abundant fruiting of mushrooms. So, we smoothly moved on to, perhaps, the most important condition necessary for the growth of honey mushrooms in the forest. Good humidity combined with optimal air temperature creates excellent soil for “rich” harvests of these fruiting bodies. It often happens that honey mushrooms can bear fruit abundantly as many times as there are heavy rains during the season.

For the growth and development of the mycelium, regular air flow is also needed. In most cases, the mycelium passes through the upper layers of the soil and deepens to 6-13 cm. If unfavorable weather sets in - severe drought, frost, hardening of the soil, excessive humidity, then it begins to develop poorly and becomes dehydrated, but this does not affect its stability. For optimal growth and development of honey mushrooms, air humidity in the upper layers of the soil should be from 50 to 65%.

Thus, it becomes obvious that favorable weather for honey mushroom growth includes warmth and moisture. What can you say about the growth rate of honey mushrooms? Unfortunately, there is no clear answer to this question, because the process is influenced by a number of factors. Even experienced mushroom pickers are not able to give specific numbers.

We often use the phrase “grow like mushrooms” in our speech. As you can see, this process goes quite quickly. It is noteworthy that the growth of the stem of the fruiting body stops 1-2 days earlier than the growth of the cap. Unfavorable weather, as well as the presence of insects or worms, significantly weaken the growth of mushrooms.

On the other hand, good conditions make it possible for the fruiting body to grow significantly in 24 hours. And what can be said about honey mushrooms - how quickly do these mushrooms grow in a day? Like other representatives of the mushroom “kingdom,” honey mushrooms can increase in size by 1.5-2 cm. But as already mentioned, these figures are approximate and cannot create any specific framework. The lifespan of mushrooms depends on their variety; on average, these indicators range from 10 to 15 days. So, honey mushrooms completely stop growing after 11 days. We invite you to watch a video showing the growth of honey mushrooms thanks to accelerated filming:

When do boletus grow, at what time of year?

The period of growth and collection of boletus is quite long and occurs in almost all summer months - June, July, August, and autumn - September and October. The exact time depends on the climatic and weather conditions of the area.

When do the first boletus appear?

It has been noticed that boletus produces crops in waves throughout the season. The first wave occurs in the second half of June, when haymaking time begins. In July, after the rains, boletus will begin to actively grow. This is the second wave when you can go mushroom picking. The most mushroom time is August-September. At this time, trips to the forest for mushrooms are always crowned with success, especially if it has recently rained and the weather is warm.

In what weather do boletus mushrooms grow?

Boletus grows best after rain. On the 2-3rd day after precipitation, you can go on a quiet mushroom hunt. For rapid growth of the mycelium, warmth and sun are also needed. If it rains, but the weather is cool and cloudy, the mushroom will not rush to grow. Autumn specimens are considered the most delicious.

At what temperature do boletus grow?

Butterflies prefer cool weather so that the average daily temperature is no higher than +180C. Fluctuations in night and day temperatures do not affect the growth of mycelium. But if the night temperature drops to -50C, then the mushrooms stop bearing fruit.

Until what time can boletus be collected?

You can collect mushrooms until the end of autumn, when frost sets in. If the soil freezes 2 cm deep, the mushrooms stop reproducing. But if it suddenly became very cold, and the ground did not have time to freeze, and it warmed up again, then they will continue to grow again.

When does the butter season begin in Russia?

In the Moscow region and central Russia, the first boletus appears in early June and delights mushroom pickers with its appearance all summer long. And from the second ten days of August their most abundant growth is observed. At the end of September, their activity subsides, but they can still be collected until the first ten days of October.

In the Leningrad region and northern parts of Russia, boletus also begins to grow in early June. But the most active growth occurs in August-October. In November you can still collect them, but they may be frozen.

Siberia does not spoil its residents with long and hot summers. Even at the end of May there are returning frosts, and already at the beginning of October the first snow falls. The main time for collecting boletus is in August-September, when it is still quite warm and rainy.

In the Urals the climate is slightly milder than Siberian. Therefore, you should go out for collection in June, when boletus is already growing quite actively. The growth of the mycelium continues until the first frost, which usually occurs in the second ten days of October.

Growth time oil

It is better to go for mushroom picking on the second day after the rain, or more precisely, after 12-18 hours. They appear very quickly. They become ready for cooking within a few hours. But for this, in addition to rain and abundantly moistened soil, you also need warm air, as well as good sunlight. All this should be taken into account in order to correctly determine the time to go mushroom picking.

When the frost hits

Few of these forest dwellers can survive severe frost, and most mushroom pickers believe that the season ends in November. But that's not true.

One of the most cold-resistant mushrooms is honey mushrooms. The best temperature for their growth varies in the range of +8. +12 o C. Their cheerful families grow in the forest even after serious frosts. At what temperature do mushrooms grow in autumn? Winter honey mushrooms, for example, can be found at sub-zero temperatures, even under snow.

Winter oyster mushrooms are also not afraid of frost, which can be harvested not only in November, but also in January.

Where do boletus mushrooms grow?

Butterflies are widespread throughout Russia, especially in its northern part, as they love cool weather and pine forests. Each type of mushroom is adapted to live in certain natural conditions and in cohabitation with specific neighbors. There are many varieties that differ not only in appearance and taste, but also in where they grow.

In which forest do boletus grow?

This fungus prefers to form mycorrhiza (mutually beneficial cohabitation) with coniferous trees. Therefore, you need to look for it in pine or larch forests. Boletus grows less frequently in mixed pine forests with a predominance of birch or oak.

But you can find mushrooms not in the thick of the forest, but on the edges, clearings, clearings and sides of forest roads, since they love well-lit places and space. If tree plantings reach a height of 8-10 m, then mycelium does not form under them. But in young spruce forests you can conduct a successful quiet hunt for their entire families.

Under what trees do boletus grow?

The choice of location depends on the trees under which certain types of mushrooms prefer to live, and on the composition of the soil. Among conifers, boletus most often appears under five- and two-cone pines, larches and cedars. In mixed forests they are most likely to appear under pine or cedar. Different types of mushrooms prefer their own suitable soil, but most of them live on sandy soil. And on limestone you can find such varieties as larch, granular and gray.

Recommendations

Carefully study the description of edible mushrooms

Droughts, which often occur in the summer in the middle zone, lead to the fact that fungal cells actively accumulate large amounts of toxins from the environment. Harvesting in such conditions is prohibited, because the risk of poisoning increases significantly.

When going hunting in the Crimea, the forests of the Kuban and Rostov region, you should be wary of vipers. In October they are already preparing for hibernation, but some representatives remain active and can attack. After a snake bite, the victim definitely requires medical attention.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

Very often, mushroom pickers and others confuse vipers with snakes. How to distinguish a poisonous snake from a snake or snake? To do this, you need to remember the main signs of the “appearance” of a viper:

the pattern on the back is usually in the form of a zigzag (zipper);
the tail is short and sharply tapering;
triangular head;
There are small scutes on the top of the head;
The pupil of the eye is vertical.

The ability to immediately identify these main distinctive features will come with experience, however, even if you don’t need it in life, it’s all the same: forewarned is forearmed.

If it so happens that someone in your company was bitten by a viper, you need to sequentially:

remove the poison from the wound (suck it out) in the first 10 minutes after the bite, until swelling appears (if this occurs, stop removing the poison). The person removing the poison from the wound needs to rinse his mouth with water;
treat the bite site with an antiseptic (iodine, brilliant green, alcohol);
apply a tight bandage;
fix the limb in one position (motionless);
give plenty of fluids and antihistamines (for example, tavegil, suprastin, diphenhydramine);
transport to the nearest medical facility.

When bitten by a viper, it is strictly prohibited:

drink alcohol;
cauterize the affected area;
cut the wound or inject potassium permanganate into it;
apply a tourniquet to the bite site.

The rainy end of September creates favorable conditions for the growth of poisonous mushrooms in October. To avoid poisoning, it is recommended to carefully study the descriptions of edible varieties that grow in a particular area and carefully examine each mushroom.

If there are a lot of fly agarics growing in a mushroom meadow in the summer, this is a sign of the ecological cleanliness of the area. Experienced mushroom pickers miss clearings and edges with an abundance of russula, because... the soil in the area is contaminated.

The quality of fungi on the edge of the forest is the same as in the deep thickets. You should not wander deep into unfamiliar forests so as not to lose your way.

How to properly collect boletus

Mushrooms should be collected early in the morning before the sun warms them. So, they will last longer. If you manage to spot one instance, then you need to carefully look around. There is a good chance that there is a whole group hiding nearby under the moss or blanket of pine needles.

The mushroom should not be pulled out by the roots. It needs to be cut off with a knife to preserve the mycelium, which will grow the next year. It is better to place the cut specimens with the cap down or on its side in a basket made of twigs. They will be better preserved in this position. No need to pack them in a soft bag or backpack. There they will wrinkle and crumble.

Immediately after returning home from a quiet hunt, mushrooms should be cleared of debris, washed and processed for further consumption. They cannot be stored.

Is it possible to collect large boletus

The caps of adult mushrooms can reach a diameter of 4-10 cm. They can be collected and used to prepare various dishes, if they are not wormy. But mushroom pickers advise giving preference to young mushrooms with caps of 2-4 cm. They are tastier and can be cooked whole.

Is it possible to collect dried boletus mushrooms?

You should not collect old and dried boletus, as well as those that grow near enterprises with chemical emissions. They managed to accumulate many substances harmful to the human body.

What mushrooms can be picked the longest in the fall, before frost?

Since ancient times, mushrooms have fed people until the deepest winter.
Of course, winter comes differently in different parts of the world. Therefore, in some places mushrooms are picked as early as November (in the forests of the Krasnodar Territory, for example), and in some places the mushroom season ends at the beginning of October. But there are still mushrooms to which information has been assigned as late gifts of nature.

From my experience I will say that we collected honey mushrooms, boletuses and milk mushrooms the very last, after the first light snow after the Intercession. This is an indescribable pleasure!

By this time the forest had already thinned out, it was somehow spacious. And stumps with honey mushrooms simply decorated clearings and clearings.

Milk mushrooms, while still young, prefer to hide under fallen leaves even in late autumn.

It is this that protects them from the first frosts. But you can still find them. And if in your area the temperature in the autumn months is between eight and ten degrees above zero, then you can go into the forest for a “quiet hunt”.

In addition to these mushrooms, throughout October you can find boletuses, greenfinches, bitter mushrooms, rows of mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, porcini mushrooms and even boletus mushrooms (at the beginning of October).

By the way, fly agarics are also found in warm autumn even in November.

From late edible mushrooms you can collect milk mushrooms, honey mushrooms, rows, you can find porcini mushrooms and saffron milk caps if the weather is good. These mushrooms can be collected before the first frost, but after that they are not recommended, since the mushrooms lose their taste (except for honey mushrooms).

But there are also “winter” mushrooms that can be collected all winter. Some mushroom pickers like it even better, because in a snow-covered bare forest such mushrooms are immediately visible. They grow on trees - on the trunks of growing trees or on fallen trees.

Such “winter” mushrooms include winter mushrooms (winter mushroom, winter moth - they were given this name because of their bright yellow-orange color), late oyster mushrooms (shell mushrooms or oyster mushrooms).

Before the onset of November frosts, boletuses, boletuses, boletus mushrooms, russula, saffron milk caps and boletus mushrooms stay the longest in the autumn forest. With the first frost, these mushrooms freeze and lose their taste.

At the very beginning of winter, you can find autumn and row , but they can only be collected until the thaw. Under no circumstances should you take mushrooms after thawing, as they contain poison.

But in the winter forest you can collect honey mushrooms , which are called winter mushrooms , but they also have other popular names:

Winter mushrooms appear along with the first frosts, and they grow on old trees and stumps. The cold does not harm them at all: in the cold they freeze and become glassy, and when it thaws they begin to grow again. Winter mushrooms are not subject to spoilage and always remain fresh.

For the longest time, personally, we can collect honey mushrooms. They can grow before frost and even after it. But by this time they have all been picked. It can also take a long time to collect porcini mushrooms. And besides them, Polish white, aspen and boletus.

Literally from under the first snow you can collect milk mushrooms. Imagine: the young ones hide under a layer of foliage and nothing is done to them. True, it’s not very wet to collect them in fallen leaves, but when you find them, all the inconvenience is gone and there’s a sea of happiness. Usually it’s worth going into the forest this late only to visit familiar places.

This is especially true for honey mushrooms, which are also found in late autumn, and if you’re lucky, you can find a white one. This is me about mushrooms growing in Siberia. But near St. Petersburg I had the opportunity to collect Polish mushrooms in late autumn, I even have a photo, but for some reason it doesn’t load. I'll take it from the Internet

As a child, I went to the Urals and there I was treated to saffron milk caps collected in NOVEMBER. It was a warm autumn and it only got colder at the end of October.

But the mushrooms growing in Karelia made the greatest impression on me. This is exactly what it looks like. Mushroom paradise.

It is not recommended to collect mushrooms grown after frost, but this does not apply to honey mushrooms.

Do saffron milk mushrooms grow after frost?

For many inexperienced mushroom pickers, the question arises: is it possible to collect saffron milk caps after the first frost? The ground does not have time to freeze after the first frost, and the mushrooms are hidden under fallen leaves. Therefore, there is nothing wrong with collecting saffron milk caps in late autumn, because they also do not have time to freeze. Usually frosts are observed only at night, while during the day the temperature can reach +10°C. You can safely go on a “silent hunt” for tasty and healthy saffron milk caps.

Is it possible to collect saffron milk caps after frost if it lasted for several days? Typically, these fruiting bodies are harvested before the first frost, while the weather remains warm, or after 2-3 days. However, if the cold weather lasted more than 3-5 days and the air temperature remained below +6°C, then it is not recommended to collect saffron milk caps, since they completely lose their taste.

Typically, saffron milk caps grow from mid or late summer (depending on the area and climatic conditions) until the first half of October. However, it also happens that you can search for saffron milk caps throughout November if the weather remains favorable. Do saffron milk caps grow on the soil after frosts? Note that saffron milk caps do not stop growing with the arrival of the first frost, as they are under a thick layer of foliage and moss. However, as mentioned above, the fruiting bodies lose their taste. Is it possible to eat saffron milk caps after frost if they have no taste? Experts say that after freezing, mushrooms not only lose their taste and aroma. It turns out that substances that can cause food poisoning sometimes accumulate in thawed fruiting bodies.

According to many mushroom pickers, saffron milk caps are considered noble fruiting bodies. Although they belong to the Milky family, they still do not have bitterness. In addition, they can be eaten even raw, simply sprinkled with salt. However, collecting and using saffron milk caps after frost is still not recommended for the reasons described at the beginning. Only the bravest can collect saffron milk caps after frost and prepare delicious dishes from them, especially if they are fried with the addition of sour cream and garlic, which give the mushrooms a piquant taste.

Mushrooms of the autumn forest

In autumn, almost all types of summer mushrooms grow, but new ones also appear, those for which it is too hot in summer. These are, for example, autumn honey fungus, greenfinch, row and others. Moreover, in the fall, the growth of mushrooms is the most intense, since they do not like heat, and in order for the fruiting body of most species to begin to develop, 5–10 o C is enough. The temperature at which mushrooms grow in the fall affects the speed of their development: how The lower the degree, the slower they grow.

DETAILS: How to store cauliflower - Mom's advisor

However, not only temperature indicators matter, but also humidity. If autumn is dry, then you can’t count on a good “catch” of mushrooms. However, they don’t like prolonged rains either. An experienced mushroom picker will look at how the next bad weather splashes on the roads in puddles, and sigh sadly: “Eh, the mycelium will get wet!” The mycelium, of course, will not get wet, it will remain under the dense forest floor of fallen pine needles and moss, but there may indeed be no mushrooms.

But light frosts, which are not uncommon in autumn, are not scary for mushrooms. Sometimes on a cold October morning in the forest you can find boletus, boletus, redhead, boletus, and honey mushrooms literally frozen through. When determining at what temperature mushrooms grow in the forest in the fall, you should focus on average daily values, since warming up the soil during the day plays an important role.

Why does the inside of saffron milk caps turn green after the last frost?

Sometimes after the last frost the inside of saffron milk caps turns green, why does this happen? Could this affect further cooking? Usually, novice mushroom pickers are scared by the greenish tint on the cut of a mushroom, but for saffron milk caps this is a common occurrence. They are very delicate, so even with the slightest touch on the plates the color turns green.

If the cold lasts for several days, then even under a layer of foliage the saffron milk caps begin to lose their natural color and even acquire a greenish tint. However, some are not afraid to pick these mushrooms. By adding garlic, as well as other spices and seasonings when preparing a dish, you can make up for the missing taste of wild mushrooms.

Although saffron milk caps are harvested both in summer and autumn, they still have a reputation as late mushrooms. Autumn saffron milk caps are stronger and much tastier than those collected in the summer.